By The Editors
Once the sentencing rules for an offense are changed to lesser terms, is it fair to still subject some individuals to the old, harsher rules?

By Kenneth J. Cooper
In academia, Gingrich topped out as an assistant professor of history and geography at a third-tier state school…Someone once wrote he has a “Reader’s Digest intellect.”

By Tarice L.S. Gray
Eighty percent of fourth-graders, 83 percent of eighth-graders, and a truly astonishing 86 percent of high school seniors failed to show a “proficient” knowledge and understanding of the nation’s history – or rather, that they knew and understood the subject matter.

By Charles J. Ogletree, Jr.
VIRTUALLY ALL OF the black freshmen who arrived at Stanford in the fall of 1971 were born near the time that the Brown decision was issued in 1954. We were, in every sense of the word, Brown babies, and we came to Stanford from every conceivable community in the country.

By The Editors
Barring significant reforms of the nation’s Social Security program to avert a shortfall in funds in the coming decades, a substantial number of black Americans’ golden years may be filled with dross.

Norbert A. Schlei, a white lawyer, was a lead draftsman of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

By Lee A. Daniels
The arc of the moral universe is long, but it bends toward justice.

That idea, first conceived and expressed by the nineteenth-century abolitionist Theodore Parker and then re-cast and made famous in our time by Martin Luther King, Jr., has always been the guiding force of black Americans’ freedom struggle.

By The Editors
The agency’s year-end report for fiscal year 2011 documents startling improvements in awards won for individual victims of discrimination, and from the reinvigorated pursuit of “systemic” cases intended to eliminate broad discriminatory practices within a company.

By Doug Miller
The study, Lost Ground, 2011,  found that low- and moderate-income African Americans and Latino Americans have suffered a disproportionate share of losses.